"The Finance Ministry has introduced a Bill that would allow banks and payment system providers to charge fees for UPI and RuPay debit card payments. UPI is used in India because transactions are convenient and generally involve zero transaction charges for users. RuPay is also an Indian card network that has expanded its presence in the domestic payments market. According to the report, US payment companies Visa and Mastercard raised concerns about the loss of business as Indian consumers increasingly use UPI instead of card payments."